MicroPython documentation and references

• MicroPython libraries
  • Python standard libraries and micro-libraries
    • Builtin functions and exceptions
      • Functions and types
      • Exceptions
    • array – arrays of numeric data
      • Classes
    • cmath – mathematical functions for complex numbers
      • Functions
      • Constants
    • gc – control the garbage collector
      • Functions
    • math – mathematical functions
      • Functions
      • Constants
    • sys – system specific functions
      • Functions
      • Constants
    • ubinascii – binary/ASCII conversions
      • Functions
    • ucollections – collection and container types
      • Classes
    • uerrno – system error codes
      • Constants
    • uhashlib – hashing algorithms
      • Constructors
      • Methods
    • uheapq – heap queue algorithm
      • Functions
    • uio – input/output streams
      • Conceptual hierarchy
      • Functions
      • Classes
    • ujson – JSON encoding and decoding
      • Functions
    • uos – basic “operating system” services
      • Functions
    • ure – simple regular expressions
      • Functions
      • Regex objects
      • Match objects
    • uselect – wait for events on a set of streams
      • Functions
      • class Poll
        • Methods
    • usocket – socket module
      • Socket address format(s)
      • Functions
      • Constants
        • class socket
      • Methods
    • ustruct – pack and unpack primitive data types
      • Functions
    • utime – time related functions
      • Functions
    • uzlib – zlib decompression
      • Functions
  • MicroPython-specific libraries
    • btree – simple BTree database
      • Functions
      • Methods
      • Constants
    • framebuf — Frame buffer manipulation
      • class FrameBuffer
      • Constructors
      • Drawing primitive shapes
      • Drawing text
      • Other methods
      • Constants
    • machine — functions related to the hardware
      • Reset related functions
      • Interrupt related functions
      • Power related functions
      • Miscellaneous functions
      • Constants
      • Classes
        • class Pin – control I/O pins
          • Constructors
          • Methods
          • Constants
        • class Signal – control and sense external I/O devices
          • Constructors
          • Methods
        • class UART – duplex serial communication bus
          • Constructors
          • Methods
        • class SPI – a Serial Peripheral Interface bus protocol (master side)
          • Constructors
          • Methods
          • Constants
        • class I2C – a two-wire serial protocol
          • Constructors
          • General Methods
          • Primitive I2C operations
          • Standard bus operations
          • Memory operations
        • class RTC – real time clock
          • Constructors
          • Methods
          • Constants
        • class Timer – control hardware timers
          • Constructors
          • Methods
          • Constants
        • class WDT – watchdog timer
          • Constructors
          • Methods
    • micropython – access and control MicroPython internals
      • Functions
    • network — network configuration
      • Common network adapter interface
    • uctypes – access binary data in a structured way
      • Defining structure layout
      • Module contents
      • Structure descriptors and instantiating structure objects
      • Structure objects
      • Limitations
• The MicroPython language
  • Glossary
  • The MicroPython Interactive Interpreter Mode (aka REPL)
    • Auto-indent
    • Auto-completion
    • Interrupting a running program
    • Paste Mode
    • Soft Reset
    • The special variable _ (underscore)
    • Raw Mode
  • Writing interrupt handlers
    • Tips and recommended practices
    • MicroPython Issues
      • The emergency exception buffer
      • Simplicity
      • Communication between an ISR and the main program
      • The use of object methods as callbacks
      • Creation of Python objects
      • Use of Python objects
      • Overcoming the float limitation
      • Using micropython.schedule
    • Exceptions
    • General Issues
      • Interrupt Handler Design
      • Reentrancy
      • Critical Sections
      • Interrupts and the REPL
  • Maximising MicroPython Speed
    • Designing for speed
      • Algorithms
      • RAM Allocation
      • Buffers
      • Floating Point
      • Arrays
    • Identifying the slowest section of code
    • MicroPython code improvements
      • The const() declaration
      • Caching object references
      • Controlling garbage collection
    • The Native code emitter
    • The Viper code emitter
    • Accessing hardware directly
  • MicroPython on Microcontrollers
    • Flash Memory
    • RAM
      • Compilation Phase
      • Execution Phase
    • The Heap
      • Fragmentation
      • Reporting
      • Control of Garbage Collection
    • String Operations
    • Postscript
      • Footnote: gc.collect() return value
• MicroPython differences from CPython
  • Syntax
    • Spaces
      • uPy requires spaces between literal numbers and keywords, CPy doesn’t
    • Unicode
      • Unicode name escapes are not implemented
  • Core Language
    • Classes
      • Special method __del__ not implemented for user-defined classes
      • Method Resolution Order (MRO) is not compliant with CPython
      • When inheriting from multiple classes super() only calls one class
      • Calling super() getter property in subclass will return a property object, not the value
    • Functions
      • Error messages for methods may display unexpected argument counts
      • Unpacking function arguments in non-last position isn’t detected as an error
      • User-defined attributes for functions are not supported
    • Generator
      • Context manager __exit__() not called in a generator which does not run to completion
    • Runtime
      • Local variables aren’t included in locals() result
      • Code running in eval() function doesn’t have access to local variables
    • import
      • __path__ attribute of a package has a different type (single string instead of list of strings) in MicroPython
      • Failed to load modules are still registered as loaded
      • MicroPython does’t support namespace packages split across filesystem.
  • Builtin Types
    • Exception
      • Exception chaining not implemented
      • User-defined attributes for builtin exceptions are not supported
      • Exception in while loop condition may have unexpected line number
      • Exception.__init__ raises TypeError if overridden and called by subclass
    • bytearray
      • Array slice assignment with unsupported RHS
    • bytes
      • bytes() with keywords not implemented
      • Bytes subscription with step != 1 not implemented
    • float
      • uPy and CPython outputs formats may differ
    • int
      • No int conversion for int-derived types available
      • Incorrect error message when passing float into to_bytes
    • list
      • List delete with step != 1 not implemented
      • List slice-store with non-iterable on RHS is not implemented
      • List store with step != 1 not implemented
    • str
      • UnicodeDecodeError not raised when expected
      • Start/end indices such as str.endswith(s, start) not implemented
      • Attributes/subscr not implemented
      • str(…) with keywords not implemented
      • str.ljust() and str.rjust() not implemented
      • None as first argument for rsplit such as str.rsplit(None, n) not implemented
      • Instance of a subclass of str cannot be compared for equality with an instance of a str
      • Subscript with step != 1 is not yet implemented
    • tuple
      • Tuple load with step != 1 not implemented
  • Modules
    • array
      • Looking for integer not implemented
      • Array deletion not implemented
      • Subscript with step != 1 is not yet implemented
    • deque
      • Deque not implemented
    • json
      • JSON module does not throw exception when object is not serialisable
    • struct
      • Struct pack with too few args, not checked by uPy
      • Struct pack with too many args, not checked by uPy
    • sys
      • Overriding sys.stdin, sys.stdout and sys.stderr not possible
• MicroPython license information