usocket – socket module¶

Socket address format(s)¶

Functions below which expect a network address, accept it in the format of (ipv4_address, port), where ipv4_address is a string with dot-notation numeric IPv4 address, e.g. "8.8.8.8", and port is integer port number in the range 1-65535. Note the domain names are not accepted as ipv4_address, they should be resolved first using socket.getaddrinfo().

Functions¶

socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_TCP)¶

Create a new socket using the given address family, socket type and protocol number.

Note

SSL sockets need to be created the following way before wrapping them with ssl.wrap_socket:

import socket
import ssl
s = socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_SEC)
ss = ssl.wrap_socket(s)

socket.getaddrinfo(host, port)¶

Translate the host/port argument into a sequence of 5-tuples that contain all the necessary arguments for creating a socket connected to that service. The list of 5-tuples has following structure:

(family, type, proto, canonname, sockaddr)

The following example shows how to connect to a given url:

s = socket.socket()
s.connect(socket.getaddrinfo('www.micropython.org', 80)[0][-1])

Exceptions¶

socket.error¶

socket.timeout¶

Constants¶

socket.AF_INET¶

family types

socket.SOCK_STREAM¶

socket.SOCK_DGRAM¶

socket types

socket.IPPROTO_UDP¶

socket.IPPROTO_TCP¶

socket.IPPROTO_SEC¶

protocol numbers

Methods¶

socket.close()¶

Mark the socket closed. Once that happens, all future operations on the socket object will fail. The remote end will receive no more data (after queued data is flushed).

Sockets are automatically closed when they are garbage-collected, but it is recommended to close() them explicitly, or to use a with statement around them.

socket.bind(address)¶

Bind the socket to address. The socket must not already be bound.

socket.listen([backlog])¶

Enable a server to accept connections. If backlog is specified, it must be at least 0 (if it’s lower, it will be set to 0); and specifies the number of unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen.

socket.accept()¶

Accept a connection. The socket must be bound to an address and listening for connections. The return value is a pair (conn, address) where conn is a new socket object usable to send and receive data on the connection, and address is the address bound to the socket on the other end of the connection.

socket.connect(address)¶

Connect to a remote socket at address.

socket.send(bytes)¶

Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket.

socket.sendall(bytes)¶

Send data to the socket. The socket must be connected to a remote socket.

socket.recv(bufsize)¶

Receive data from the socket. The return value is a bytes object representing the data received. The maximum amount of data to be received at once is specified by bufsize.

socket.sendto(bytes, address)¶

Send data to the socket. The socket should not be connected to a remote socket, since the destination socket is specified by address.

socket.recvfrom(bufsize)¶

Receive data from the socket. The return value is a pair (bytes, address) where bytes is a bytes object representing the data received and address is the address of the socket sending the data.

socket.setsockopt(level, optname, value)¶

Set the value of the given socket option. The needed symbolic constants are defined in the socket module (SO_* etc.). The value can be an integer or a bytes-like object representing a buffer.

socket.settimeout(value)¶

Set a timeout on blocking socket operations. The value argument can be a nonnegative floating point number expressing seconds, or None. If a non-zero value is given, subsequent socket operations will raise an OSError exception if the timeout period value has elapsed before the operation has completed. If zero is given, the socket is put in non-blocking mode. If None is given, the socket is put in blocking mode.

Difference to CPython

CPython raises a socket.timeout exception in case of timeout, which is an OSError subclass. MicroPython raises an OSError directly instead. If you use except OSError: to catch the exception, your code will work both in MicroPython and CPython.

socket.setblocking(flag)¶

Set blocking or non-blocking mode of the socket: if flag is false, the socket is set to non-blocking, else to blocking mode.

This method is a shorthand for certain settimeout() calls:

sock.setblocking(True) is equivalent to sock.settimeout(None)
sock.setblocking(False) is equivalent to sock.settimeout(0.0)

socket.makefile(mode='rb')¶

Return a file object associated with the socket. The exact returned type depends on the arguments given to makefile(). The support is limited to binary modes only (‘rb’ and ‘wb’). CPython’s arguments: encoding, errors and newline are not supported.

The socket must be in blocking mode; it can have a timeout, but the file object’s internal buffer may end up in a inconsistent state if a timeout occurs.

Difference to CPython

Closing the file object returned by makefile() WILL close the original socket as well.

socket.read([size])¶

Read up to size bytes from the socket. Return a bytes object. If size is not given, it reads all data available from the socket until EOF; as such the method will not return until the socket is closed.

socket.readinto(buf[, nbytes])¶

Read bytes into the buf. If nbytes is specified then read at most that many bytes. Otherwise, read at most len(buf) bytes.

Return value: number of bytes read and stored into buf.

socket.readline()¶

Read a line, ending in a newline character.

Return value: the line read.

socket.write(buf)¶

Write the buffer of bytes to the socket.

Return value: number of bytes written.